The Harriman Institute is pleased to cosponsor this segment of the virtual conference Women and the Silent Screen Online: Entr’acte, June 2-6, 2021. Women and the Silent Screen (WSS), a biennial international conference, has been a hub for the exchange of research focused on all forms of women’s involvement during the earliest decades of film history. Program II: Founding Mothers: Women Filmmakers of Early Soviet Documentary is organized by Daria Ezerova and Anastasia Kostina.
PROGRAM II. Founding Mothers: Women Filmmakers of Early Soviet Documentary
When we talk about early Soviet women documentarians, the name that monopolizes the discussion is that of Esfir Shub. Dubbed “the mother of the Soviet documentary” she is predominantly known and celebrated for her compilation The Fall of the Romanov Dynasty (1927). Meanwhile there were many other women filmmakers who actively contributed to the Soviet socialist documentary tradition and Shub’s own significance is by no means limited to her first film. This program brings to the screen the early films of Elizaveta Svilova, Lidia Stepanova, and Arsha Ovanesova, newly digitized from the Russian State Film and Photo Archive (RGAKFD) in Moscow and never screened in the US, as well as Shub’s perhaps most underestimated and rarely shown film, Today (Cannons or Tractors?) (1930).
Visit the program page for related readings.
PANEL #1. The Art of Recycling: Early Soviet Compilation Film
Friday, June 4, 9:00am-11:00am ET
Chair: Anastasia Kostina
Participants: Lilya Kaganovsky (University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign), Anastasia Kostina (Yale University), Joshua Malitsky (Indiana University), Oksana Sarkisova (Central European University)
Includes Screening:
Manifest / Manifesto (Lidia Stepanova, USSR, 1927). RT: 45 min. Source Archive: Russian State Film and Photo Archive (RGAKFD)
Film Program Note: Manifesto is the first independent work of the classic Soviet documentarian Lidia Stepanova. The documentary was compiled from newsreel material shot across the USSR as well as from foreign footage, with the purpose of celebrating the achievements of the newly established Bolshevik state. Unlike other Soviet compilation film classics, such as Esfir Shub’s The Fall of the Romanov Dynasty (1927) or The Great Road (1927), Stepanova’s Manifesto received very limited circulation and went unnoticed by both contemporary audiences and film historians. This will be the first US screening of Manifesto.
ONLINE SCREENING: Segodnya / Today (Cannons or Tractors?)
Friday, June 4, 7:00pm–9:30pm ET
Introduction: Anastasia Kostina
Segodnya / Today (Cannons or Tractors?). Dir.: Esfir Shub (Sovkino and Weltfilm, USSR, 1930). Sc.: Esfir Shub and Mark Tseitlin. RT: 75 min. Source Archive: RGAKFD.
Film Program Note: A co-production of Sovkino (USSR) and Weltfilm (Germany), Today (Cannons or Tractors?) is one of the most visually experimental and the least studied of Esfir Shub’s early films. Conceived as “a biting film pamphlet denouncing the modern political and economic system of the capitalist world,” the film juxtaposes the Soviet Union with the West. The Soviet segment was shot for the film, while Today’s representations of the West are mainly comprised of newsreel footage that Shub selected at the German UFA studio. A rich documentary amalgamation, Today was deemed so radical that it was confiscated by the New Jersey state police when the film was last screened in the US in the 1930s.
[This online screening event also includes The Curse of Quon Gwon and A Comedy of Errors.]
PANEL #2. Women in Silent Soviet Documentary
Sunday, June 6, 12:00pm-2:00pm ET
Chair: Daria Ezerova (Columbia University)
Participants: John MacKay (Yale University), Natalie Ryabchikova (Higher School of Economics, Russia), Raisa Sidenova (Newcastle University)
Includes Screenings:
Tungusy / Tungus (Elizaveta Svilova, USSR, 1927). RT: 12 min. Source Archive: RGAKFD.
Bukhara (Elizaveta Svilova, USSR, 1927). RT: 11 min. Source Archive: RGAKFD.
Film Program Note: Exploring the distant corners of the Soviet Empire, Tungus and Bukhara were made by Elizaveta Svilova from footage originally shot for Dziga Vertov’s ambitious undertaking The Sixth Part of the World (1926). Tungus is an ethnographic short that focuses on the traditions and trade of one of the indigenous peoples of the Soviet north. Bukhara, set in the city of the same name in the Soviet Republic of Uzbekistan, draws the viewer into the exotic and picturesque life of the Soviet Orient.
Pioneria / Pioneers Episode 2. Dirs.: Arsha Ovanesova and E. Borisovich (Soyuzkinokhronika, USSR, 1931). RT: 11 min. Source Archive: RGAKFD.
Film Program Note: Founded by Arsha Ovanesova in 1931, Pioneers became the first children’s newsreel in the Soviet Union. Named after the country’s mass youth organization, the journal sought to inform, educate, and entertain Soviet school children, all the while propagating the virtues of communist ideology. The second issue of the newsreel features episodes about unemployment in the US, the American pioneers, the participation of Soviet pioneers in the industrialization projects of the First Five-Year Plan (1928–1932), and children’s work at schools.
